Automatic relay.



No. 636,||6. Patented 0st. 3l, |899. F. E. CHAPMAN.

AUTOMATIC RELAY.

(Application led Aug. 27, 1896. Renewed Mar. 6. 1899.)

(No Nudel.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK E. CHAPMAN, OF MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM G.NIXON, OF BRAINTREE, MASSACHUSETTS.

AUTOMATIC RELAY.

SPECIFOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 636,116, dated October31, 1899.

Application led August 27, 1896. Renewed March 6, 1899. Serial No.708,041. (No model) T0 all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANK E. CHAPMAN, of Medford, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Automatic Relays, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention has for its object the production of a new automaticrelay; and it consists in the novel features of construction andrelative arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described in thespecification, clearly illustrated in the drawings, and particularlypointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying sheet of drawings, forming apart of this application, in which like characters indicate like partswherever they occur.

Figure l representsa diagrammatic view of a relay constructed inaccordance with my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 represent modifica tionsthereof.

Referring to the drawings, in the embodiment of my invention thereinshown and selected by me for the purpose of illustrating my invention,u, represents an induction-coil of any preferred construction,consisting of a spool a', upon which are arranged in inductive relationa primary winding a2 and a secondary winding a3, the former connected tothe main circuit a4 in any preferred way.

f represents a local circuit.

h h represent two permanent magnets, here shown as arranged in acircular form, with their poles or ends slightly spaced.

h2 h3 represent armatures pivoted to any desired object and arranged tovibrate between the poles of the magnets h h. The winding a2 isconnected in series with the winding of the armature h3, while thewinding a3 is connected in series in like manner with the winding of thearmature h2, so that the armature h3 is operated by the primary circuit,while the armature h2 is operated by the secondary circuit of theinduction-coil.

n s and n s represent, respectively, the poles of the magnets h 7i.

fr r' represent two contacts connected by a wire or conductor r3.

t t represent two contacts connected by a 5o wire b3.

The ends of the armatures h2 h3 are adaph ed to vibrate between thecontacts 0" t Ir' t in order to close the local circuit. In the fornishown in Fig. 1 the armature 7b3 must be in contact with fr whenever thearmature h2 closes the circuit by contact with 7', and, conversely, thearmature h3 must be in contact with t whenever the armature h2 closesthe local circuit through t.

ai represents a key arranged to open and close the primary circuit,thereby stopping and starting the primary current.

f represents the sounder of the local circuit, and f2 the batterythereof.

The operation will be explained as follows: The key a5 being closedstarts the primary current, which magnetizes the armature h3, making thefree end, for example, a south pole. The former is attracted thereto bythe north pole n of the permanent magnet L, and the end h5 of the saidarmature makes contact with the point t. The primary current passingthrough the winding a2 of the coil a induces a momentary current in thesecondary winding as. Said secondary currentpassing around the armatureh2 magnetizcs it, making the free end of said armature, for example, anorth pole. This armature will therefore be attracted by the south poleS of the permanent magnet h, the end h6 of the armature h2 makingcontact with the point t. In this position of the parts the localcircuit is closed through the points t t', and thus the sounderf' isoperated. If now the key be open, the primary current stops iiowing,inducing another momentary current in the secondary winding a3 of theinductioncoil. This induced current will be in the opposite direction tothat caused by the closing of the primary circuit. The said currentpassing around the armature h2 in the opposite direction from the firstcurrent now magnetizes the free end to a south polarity, and the latterh6, being repelled by the pole s and attracted by the pole n, is drawnto the stop or contact r, opening the local circuit, the armature?tiremaining in Contact with the stop t', leaving the circuit open atthe point 0J. Tt will thus be seen that the armature h2 is here operatedeach time that there is a reversal in the direction of the inducedcurrent, which occurs each time that the main circuit is IOO closed oropened or each time that there is any increase or decrease of theprimary circuit. The armature 7b3 is operated likewise each time andonly When there is a change in the direction et the polarity ot theoperatingcurrent in the primary winding. It this polarity remainsconstant, there will be only one movement of the armature ha; but if forany reason the polarity of the operating-current of the induction-coilshould be reversed the armature h3 would be operated, being thrown toone pole or the other, as in the case of the armature h2. If the primarycurrent be reversed, the end h5 of the armature h3 will become a northpolarity, causingit to be repelled by the pole n/ and attracted by thesouth pole s' and its free end h5 made to contact with the point r',leaving the point t open. New had the closing of the key a5 induced acurrent in the winding a2 in the same direction as the current that wasinduced byv the opening of the key just described this current makes theend h6 of the armature h2 a south pole, causing it to be repelled by thesouth pole s of the permanent magnet h and attracted by the north pole not said magnet and its free end made to contact with the stop r, thepoint 't being open, thus closing the local circuit through the points rr'. If the key now be open, the polarity in the secondary winding a3will be changed again, as before, throwing the armature 7b2 te the stopt and opening` the local circuit. It will thus be seen that as the'functions of the contactpoints r and 't are reversed by a reversal ofthe primary current (in one instance the point t being the closing ormarking point and the point ff the open point, while in the otherinstance the point t becoming the open and the point r the markingpoint) it makes no difference what the polarity of the primary currentmay be the closing of the key will close the local circuit and theopening of the key will open the local circuit in the same manner as inthe ordinary relay; but as the induction-coil operates on great or smallcurrents or on any increase or decrease of the primary current, thesmall induced currents polarizing the armature 7b2 andv throwing it fromone side to the other in the same manner as the greater currents, theobject of the invention is easily accomplished. It is understood thatthe armatures h2 7b3 are so arranged in regard to the poles ot themagnets h L' that said armatures remain on the side placed after themanner of the ordinary polarized relay. It will thus be seen that thearmature h2 operates to close the local circuit, while the armature h3operates to prevent any reversesignals in the local circuit due tochanges in the polarity of the operating-current passing throu gh therelay. Heretofore all relays operated in this manner by induction-coilshave been connected for a particular polarity. It this polarity for anycause isreversed, then the opening of the primary current will close thelocal current,

and vice versa, whereas'by my invention I am enabled to prevent thisreversal of signals in the secondary current occasioned by the reversaloi' pclarityof the operating-current in the induction-coil.

Instead of the form shown in Fig. l I may embody my invention in theforms shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 Iarrange the armature h3 to open and close the circuit of the secondarywinding instead of the local circuit, as in Fig. l. The armature isprovided with two pairs of stops m m' m2 m3, adapted to make contactwith the stops mA1 m0 and msm7 to close the circuit of the secondarywinding of the coil. The stop m is connected to the stopml, while thestop m7 is connected to the stop mi. From this construction andarrai'igement it will be evident that the movement of the armature h3 toone side or the other will change the path of the current travelingthrough the secondary winding and reverse the direction of said currentaround the armature -that is to say, the contacts m m2 being inengagement with the stops mA1 on the current will travel in onedirection. If now the arma ture be moved so that the contacts m mzengaget-he contacts m5 m7, the current through the secondary windin g a3 willbe reversed, and consequently it' the contacts are in the position Iirststated and the polarity in the operating-current d2 is changed thearmature h3 will be moved and its contacts made to engage the stops m5mi, the result being that the current is changed so that its directionthrough the secondary winding a3 is the same as before, and the signalsmade by opening and closing the key a5 will be correctly repeated by thesounder j" and not reversed, as would be the case but for my invention.In the form shown in Fig. 2 the primary armature h3 and its contactsserve to reverse the direction of the current of the secondary windingof the induction-coil and the secondary armature-coil. In the form shownin Fig. 3 instead of arranging the armature 7b3 to open and close thelocal circuit, as in Fig. l, or the circuit of the secondary winding, asin Fig. 2, I arrange it to open and close the circuit of the primarywinding of the induction-coil in such way as to prevent reverse signals,the armature 7b3 being provided with contacts and making contacts as inFig. 2, the only difference being that these contact-points are mountedin the primary winding of the induction-coil instead of the secondary,the result being the same in all cases, that whenever the polarity ofthe operating-current of the relay is changed the path of the currentsin one of the circuits of the relay is changed in order to preventreverse signals.

Instead ot' the automatic primary armature switches er other likedevices may be employed to perform the same functions, the object beingin all cases, as already stated, to prevent the reversals of the signalson the local circuit caused by the reversal of the IOO IIO

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primary current through the relay due to change of polarity.

Having thus explained the nature of my -invention and described a Way ofconstructing and using the same, though Without attempting to set forthall of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A relay embodying in its construction an induction-coil, an armature,a coil for said armature cpnnected with and operated by the secondarycircuit of said coil, an independent or local circuit including thearmature, and means for preventing reverse signals in the saidindependent circuit due to changes of polarity of the primary circuit,said means comprising contact-points and a switch included in one ofsaid circuits.

2. Arelay embodyingin its construction, an induction-coil, an armature,a coil for said armature connected with and operated by the secondarycircuit of said coil, an independent or local circuit including thearmature, and means for automatically preventing reverse signals in thesaid independent circuit, said means comprising an armature operated bythe primary circuit, and contact-points, included in one of saidcircuits.

3. Arelay embodying in its construction, an induction-coil, an armature,a coil for said armature connected With and operated by the secondarycircuit of said coil, an independent or local circuit including thearmature, open and marking contact-points connected with said armature,and means for reversing the functions of said contact-points,

said means including a switch operated by the primary circuit of theinduction-coil.

4t. A relay, comprising in its construction, an induction-coil,havingwindings arranged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armaturearranged to open and close said circuit and to be operated by asecondary winding of said coil, and a switch for changing the path ofthe current of one of the circuits to prevent a reversal of signals inthe instrument.

5. A relay, comprising in its construction, an induction-coil, havingwindings arranged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armature arrangedto open and close said circuit and to be operated by a secondary windingof said coil, and a switch for automatically changing the path of thecurrent in one of the circuits to prevent a reversal of signals in theinstrument.

6. A relay, comprising in its construction, an induction-coil, havingwindings arranged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armature arrangedto open and close said circuit and to be operated by a secondary Windingof said coil, and a switch operated by the primary currentfor changingthe path of the current in one of the circuits to prevent arever sal ofsignals in the instrument.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 7th day of August, A. D.1896.

FRANK E. CHAPMAN.

Witnesses:

A. D. HARRISON, P. W. PEZZETTI.

